Control device in fuel injection pump



July 25, 1950 w. JoHANsx-:N 2,516,775

CONTROL DEvIcE IN FUEL INJECTION PUMP Filed July 8, 1948 Il l Il" II 'J/ l2' if l2 I'- NGL 8 ATTORNEY Patented Julyl 25, 1950 CONTROL DEVICE 1N FUEL INJECTION PUMP William Johansen, Skaun, near Trondhelm,`

Norway Application July s, 194s, serial No. .27,686

In Norway July 9, 1947 2 Claims. (Cl. ID3-41) The present invention relates to a control device in fuel injection pumps for internal combustion engines, said pump being of the cylinder and plunger type with intake and outlet ports.

According to the invention acontrol sleeve is inserted through the top of the cylinder and continues down into the axially bored-out plunger. Said sleeve is coordinated with corresponding ports and cavities in the plunger whereby bypasses are obtained whose opening and closing can easily be varied through axial and rotary adjustments of the control sleeve.

This by-pass arrangement eliminates the defects which have been prominent characteristics of fuel injection pumps up to date, especially noticeable by knocking in high speed engines at idling speeds and by both knocking and slowing down by sudden heavy loads with resultant loss of power. 'Ihis control sleeve arrangement makes possible adjustments to all demands for the engines varying speeds and loads and can if desired maintain constant speed regardless of variations in load when special arrangements are made for the rotary arrangement of the control sleeve. This then should be directly acted on by the variations in load. The axial adjustment should be varied by governor or manual arrangements proportional to the speeds of the engine.

'I'he attached drawing in longitudinal cross section shows how this invention may be applied.

The pump cylinder I with fuel intake II and outlet I2 is mounted on a housing 2 in which the actuating cam I5 is located. In the pump cylinder the plunger 3 with an axial boring 3' is located. Said pump plunger has a port I and an exterior channel or cavity I0' which is connected with the port I0.

The plunger 3 is connected to a push plunger 5 provided with tightening rings 5' and a castor 5" mounted on I4. A check I6 passes through the housing into an axial slot in the push plunger to prevent rotation of the pump plunger which is fastened to the push plunger.

The control sleeve l has an exterior cavity i located in the boring 3' of the pump plunger 3.

The lower edge of this cavity i is helical. From this cavity the port l gives passage to the interior of the control sleeve which is, furthermore, provided with a port 8 located in the pressure chamber I' when the plunger is down but is covered by the plunger when same moves upwards during the injection period. Furthermore the control sleeve is provided with a port 9 located in a chamber around the control sleeve in the pump cylinder top into which the fuel intake leads. Beyond this point to the exterior of the pump the control sleeve is closed.

'I'he fuel oil enters at II and proceeds through the ports 8 and 9 in the control'sleeve into the pump cylinder when the plunger moves downwards.

'Ihe injection to the injection nozzle through the outlet I2 starts at the moment when the plunger 3 on its way upward covers port 8 in the control sleeve and is determined by this ports elevation in the pump cylinder.

'I'he injection is interrupted at the moment when port I0 in the pump plunger 3 passes the helical edge of the cavity 6 of the control sleeve, and this moment depends upon the rotary adjustment of the control sleeve. The fuel then passes from the pressure chamber I through the cavity I0', the port III in the plunger, the cavity 6 and the ports l and 9 in the control sleeve, back to the fuel tank connected to the intake II.

The control of the pre-injection is obtained by adjusting the control sleeve axially downward into the pump cylinder for early injection and upward for late injection, because this changes the position of port 8 relative to the plunger 3.

The duration of the injection period and hence the amount of fuel injected to the motor is determined by the rotary adjustment of the control sleeve because this changes the opening time for the by-pass through port I0 in the plunger and the helical cavity 6 in the control sleeve 4. The push plunger 5 connected. to the pump plunger 3 is held down on the cam I 5 by air pressure in the chamber I3', formed by the pump housing 2, the pump cylinder I and said plungers 3 and 5, from the pressure line at I3.

'I'he threaded bolts with nuts securing the pump cylinder to the pump housing are designated by I1.

I claim:

1. In a fuel injection pump', the combination of, a pump cylinder having an outlet port and a fuel intake chamber a bore coaxial with and passing through both said intake chamber and said pump cylinder and having a diameter smaller 3 than said chamber and cylinder. a pump plunger slidably positioned in said cylinder, a bore passing through said plunger and positioned coaxial with said rst mentioned bore, a port through the wall of said plunger communicating with a passage leading to the upper end of said plunger, a hollow fuel-control sleeve of such diameter that it will ilt snugly but slidably in said bores and also be rotatable therein, a port in said sleeve adapted to be positioned to coincide with said port in said plunger wall whereby the quantity of fuel injected in an engine may be controlled by rotating said sleeve, a second port in said sleeve communieating with the end of said plunger whereby the timing of the fuel injection may be varied by sliding said sleeve in said bore, a third port in said sleeve positioned to communicate with said fuel intake chamber, said control sleeve having an outer closed end protruding out of said bore and through the top of said cylinder, and means for adjusting the position of said sleeve by rotation and by sliding.

2. A fuel imection pump as recited in claim 1 i in which means are provided to rotate said control sleeve in proportion to the variation in load on said engine.

WILLIAM JOHANSEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent.:y

UNITED STATES PATENTS l Date 

